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432 sor
16 KiB
432 sor
16 KiB
.rn '' }` |
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''' $RCSfile$$Revision$$Date$ |
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''' $Log$ |
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''' |
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.de Sh |
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.br |
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\fB\\$1\fR |
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.PP |
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.. |
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.de Sp |
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.if t .sp .5v |
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.if n .sp |
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''' |
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''' |
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''' Set up \*(-- to give an unbreakable dash; |
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''' string Tr holds user defined translation string. |
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''' Bell System Logo is used as a dummy character. |
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.tr \(*W-|\(bv\*(Tr |
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.ie n \{\ |
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.ds -- \(*W- |
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.ds PI pi |
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.if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=24u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-12u'-\" diablo 10 pitch |
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.if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=20u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-8u'-\" diablo 12 pitch |
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.\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate |
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.\" index entries out stderr for the following things: |
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.\" TH Title |
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.\" SH Header |
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.\" Sh Subsection |
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.\" Ip Item |
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.\" X<> Xref (embedded |
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.\" Of course, you have to process the output yourself |
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.\" in some meaninful fashion. |
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.if \nF \{ |
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.de IX |
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.tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2" |
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.. |
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.nr % 0 |
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.rr F |
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.\} |
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.TH LSYNC 1 "perl 5.005, patch 03" "18/Sep/2001" "User Contributed Perl Documentation" |
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.UC |
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.if n .hy 0 |
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.if n .na |
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.ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p' |
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.de CQ \" put $1 in typewriter font |
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.ft CW |
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'if n "\c |
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'if t \\&\\$1\c |
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'if n \\&\\$1\c |
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'if n \&" |
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\\&\\$2 \\$3 \\$4 \\$5 \\$6 \\$7 |
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'.ft R |
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.. |
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.\" @(#)ms.acc 1.5 88/02/08 SMI; from UCB 4.2 |
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. \" AM - accent mark definitions |
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.bd B 3 |
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. \" fudge factors for nroff and troff |
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.if n \{\ |
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. ds #H 0 |
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. ds #V .8m |
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. ds #F .3m |
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.\} |
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.if t \{\ |
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. ds #H ((1u-(\\\\n(.fu%2u))*.13m) |
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. ds #V .6m |
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.if n \{\ |
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. ds ' \& |
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.\} |
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.if t \{\ |
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. ds ' \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\'\h"|\\n:u" |
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. ds ` \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\`\h'|\\n:u' |
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. ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'^\h'|\\n:u' |
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. ds , \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10)',\h'|\\n:u' |
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. ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu-\*(#H-.1m)'~\h'|\\n:u' |
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. ds ? \s-2c\h'-\w'c'u*7/10'\u\h'\*(#H'\zi\d\s+2\h'\w'c'u*8/10' |
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. ds ! \s-2\(or\s+2\h'-\w'\(or'u'\v'-.8m'.\v'.8m' |
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. ds / \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\z\(sl\h'|\\n:u' |
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. ds q o\h'-\w'o'u*8/10'\s-4\v'.4m'\z\(*i\v'-.4m'\s+4\h'\w'o'u*8/10' |
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.\} |
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. \" troff and (daisy-wheel) nroff accents |
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.ds : \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H+.1m+\*(#F)'\v'-\*(#V'\z.\h'.2m+\*(#F'.\h'|\\n:u'\v'\*(#V' |
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.ds 8 \h'\*(#H'\(*b\h'-\*(#H' |
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.ds v \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*9/10-\*(#H)'\v'-\*(#V'\*(#[\s-4v\s0\v'\*(#V'\h'|\\n:u'\*(#] |
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.ds 3 \*(#[\v'.2m'\s-2\&3\s0\v'-.2m'\*(#] |
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.ds o \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu+\w'\(de'u-\*(#H)/2u'\v'-.3n'\*(#[\z\(de\v'.3n'\h'|\\n:u'\*(#] |
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.ds d- \h'\*(#H'\(pd\h'-\w'~'u'\v'-.25m'\f2\(hy\fP\v'.25m'\h'-\*(#H' |
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.ds D- D\\k:\h'-\w'D'u'\v'-.11m'\z\(hy\v'.11m'\h'|\\n:u' |
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.ds th \*(#[\v'.3m'\s+1I\s-1\v'-.3m'\h'-(\w'I'u*2/3)'\s-1o\s+1\*(#] |
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.ds ae a\h'-(\w'a'u*4/10)'e |
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.if v .ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'\v'-.4m'^\v'.4m'\h'|\\n:u' |
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\{\ |
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. ds : e |
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.\} |
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.rm #[ #] #H #V #F C |
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.SH "NAME" |
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\fBlsync\fR \- Access Layer Synchronization Tool |
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.SH "SYNOPSIS" |
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\fBlsync\fR |
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[\fB--version\fR|\fB\-v\fR] |
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[\fB--help\fR|\fB\-h\fR] |
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[\fB--init\fR|\fB\-i\fR] |
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[\fB--nop\fR|\fB\-n\fR] |
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[\fB--quiet\fR|\fB\-q\fR] |
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[\fB--trace\fR|\fB\-t\fR] |
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[\fB--local\fR|\fB\-l\fR] |
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[\fB--uninstall\fR|\fB\-u\fR] |
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[\fB--root=\fR\fIroot\fR] |
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[\fB--pkgdir=\fR\fIpkgdir\fR] |
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[\fB--subdirs=\fR\fIsubdir\fR[,\fIsubdir\fR,...]] |
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.SH "DESCRIPTION" |
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This program activates software packages which were locally |
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installed in a sub-directory of a package hierarchy (located under |
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\fIroot\fR/\fIpkgdir\fR/) by managing symbolic links in an access layer |
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(located under \fIroot\fR/) corresponding to package installation |
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files (found in \fIroot\fR/\fIpkgdir\fR/pkgname/subdir/) which need to be |
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collected in global directories (located under \fIroot\fR/subdir/). |
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.PP |
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The purpose of this is that individual packages can be installed and |
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deinstalled seperately without interfering with other packages while |
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all packages as a whole still can be treated like a single package |
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(installed into the access layer). |
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.PP |
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The |
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actual creation of symbolic links is as following ("foo\*(R" indicating an |
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arbitrary file; \*(L"bar\*(R" indicating an arbitrary package name): |
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.Ip "\fIroot\fR\fB/bin/\fRfoo \-> \fB../\fR\fIpkgdir\fR\fB/\fRbar\fB/bin/\fRfoo" 4 |
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This activates the user executeable |
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\fIroot\fR\fB/\fR\fIpkgdir\fR\fB/\fRbar\fB/bin\fR/foo as \fIroot\fR\fB/bin/\fRfoo. It can |
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be found by the shell by placing \fIroot\fR\fB/bin\fR into the environment |
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variable \f(CWPATH\fR (\fB\s-1PATH\s0=\*(R"..:\fR\fIroot\fR\fB/bin:..\*(R"\fR). |
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.Ip "\fIroot\fR\fB/sbin/\fRfoo \-> \fB../\fR\fIpkgdir\fR\fB/\fRbar\fB/sbin/\fRfoo" 4 |
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This activates the system executeable |
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\fIroot\fR\fB/\fR\fIpkgdir\fR\fB/\fRbar\fB/sbin\fR/foo as \fIroot\fR\fB/sbin/\fRfoo. It can |
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be found by the shell by placing \fIroot\fR\fB/sbin\fR into the environment |
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variable \f(CWPATH\fR (\fB\s-1PATH\s0=\*(R"..:\fR\fIroot\fR\fB/sbin:..\*(R"\fR). |
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.Ip "\fIroot\fR\fB/man/man\fR\fIN\fR\fB/\fRfoo \-> \fB../\fR\fIpkgdir\fR\fB/\fRbar\fB/man/man\fR\fIN\fR\fB/\fRfoo" 4 |
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This activates the Unix manual page |
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\fIroot\fR\fB/\fR\fIpkgdir\fR\fB/\fRbar\fB/man/man\fR\fIN\fR\fB/\fRfoo as |
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\fIroot\fR\fB/man/man\fR\fIN\fR\fB/\fRfoo. It can be found by the \fIman\fR\|(1) tool |
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by placing \fIroot\fR\fB/man\fR into the environment variable \f(CWMANPATH\fR |
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(\fB\s-1MANPATH\s0=\*(R"..:\fR\fIroot\fR\fB/man:..\*(R"\fR). Keep in mind that \fIlsync\fR\|(1) |
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activates any files found in the \fBman/man\fIN\fR\fR sub-directory of the |
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package, but the \fIman\fR\|(1) tool usually requires the filename scheme |
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foo\fB.\fR\fIN\fR before it can find the file. |
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.Ip "\fIroot\fR\fB/info/\fRfoo \-> \fB../\fR\fIpkgdir\fR\fB/\fRbar\fB/info/\fRfoo" 4 |
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This activates the \s-1GNU\s0 info page \fIroot\fR\fB/\fR\fIpkgdir\fR\fB/\fRbar\fB/info/\fRfoo |
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as \fIroot\fR\fB/info/\fRfoo. It can be found by the \fIinfo\fR\|(1) and \fIpinfo\fR\|(1) |
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tools by placing \fIroot\fR\fB/info\fR into the environment variable |
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\f(CWINFOPATH\fR (\fB\s-1INFOPATH\s0=\*(R"..:\fR\fIroot\fR\fB/info:..\*(R"\fR). Keep in mind that |
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\fIlsync\fR\|(1) activates any files found in the \fBinfo/\fR sub-directory of the |
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package, but the \fIinfo\fR\|(1) and \fIpinfo\fR\|(1) tools usually require the filename |
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scheme foo\fB.info\fR before it can find the file. |
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.Ip "\fIroot\fR\fB/include/\fRfoo \-> \fB../\fR\fIpkgdir\fR\fB/\fRbar\fB/include/\fRfoo" 4 |
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This activates the C header \fIroot\fR\fB/\fR\fIpkgdir\fR\fB/\fRbar\fB/include\fR/foo |
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as \fIroot\fR\fB/include/\fRfoo. It can be found by the C/\*(C+ compilers |
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by adding \fIroot\fR\fB/include\fR to their include search path (\fBcc .. |
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\-I\fR\fIroot\fR\fB/include\fR \fB...\fR). Keep in mind that \fIlsync\fR\|(1) activates any |
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files found in the \fBinclude/\fR sub-directory of the package, but the |
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C/\*(C+ compiler usually by convention use the filename scheme foo\fB.h\fR. |
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.Ip "\fIroot\fR\fB/lib/\fRfoo \-> \fB../\fR\fIpkgdir\fR\fB/\fRbar\fB/lib/\fRfoo" 4 |
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This activates the C library \fIroot\fR\fB/\fR\fIpkgdir\fR\fB/\fRbar\fB/lib\fR/foo |
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as \fIroot\fR\fB/lib/\fRfoo. It can be found by the C/\*(C+ compilers (and |
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the linker they use) by adding \fIroot\fR\fB/lib\fR to their library search |
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path (\fBcc .. \-L\fR\fIroot\fR\fB/lib\fR \fB...\fR). It can be found by the Unix |
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Dynamic Loader by adding \fIroot\fR\fB/lib\fR to the environment variable |
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\f(CWLD_LIBRARY_PATH\fR (\fB\s-1LD_LIBRARY_PATH\s0=\*(R"..:\fR\fIroot\fR\fB/lib:..\*(R"\fR). |
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Keep in mind that \fIlsync\fR\|(1) activates any files found in the \fBlib/\fR |
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sub-directory of the package, but the C/\*(C+ compiler usually require the |
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filename scheme \fBlib\fRfoo\fB.a\fR and the Unix Dynamic Loader the filename |
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scheme \fBlib\fRfoo\fB.so\fR before they actually can use the file. |
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.PP |
|
It is obvious that more sub-directories in a package installation |
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might exist -- for instance \fBshare/\fR, \fBvar/\fR, \fBlibexec/\fR, etc. But |
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\fIlsync\fR\|(1) intentionally does not link files in those directories into |
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corresponding directories of the access layer, because those files do |
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not require that they are located in a global area in order to be used. |
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So \fIlsync\fR\|(1) only creates the access layer for files where a common area |
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is required for (easy) use. |
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.SH "SPECIAL FEATURES" |
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There are two special features supported by \fIlsync\fR\|(1): |
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.Ip "\fBRun-Command Files\fR" 4 |
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\fIlsync\fR\|(1) on startup implicitly reads command line options from |
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\&\f(CW.lsyncrc\fR files. They are searched in all parent directories and in |
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the callers home directory. Their contents is prepended to the list of |
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given command line options. |
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.Ip "\fBMultiple Package Versions\fR" 4 |
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\fIlsync\fR\|(1) skips all directories under \fIroot\fR/\fIpkgdir\fR/ which contain |
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the pattern \*(L"\-[0-9]\*(R" in their directory name. On the other hand, |
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\fIlsync\fR\|(1) follows also symbolic links under \fIroot\fR/\fIpkgdir\fR/. |
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This can be used for installing multiple versions of a package and |
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switching between them. For instance, if version 1.0 of package |
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\*(L"foo\*(R" is installed into directory \fIroot\fR/\fIpkgdir\fR/foo-1.0, |
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version 1.1 into \fIroot\fR/\fIpkgdir\fR/foo-1.1 and version 1.2 into |
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\fIroot\fR/\fIpkgdir\fR/foo-1.2, \fIlsync\fR\|(1) does skip all three. To enable |
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version 1.1 one just creates a symbolic link \fIroot\fR/\fIpkgdir\fR/foo |
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pointing to foo-1.1. Then \fIlsync\fR\|(1) picks up the files in |
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\fIroot\fR/\fIpkgdir\fR/foo-1.1. If you want to temporarily upgrade to |
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foo-1.2, all you have to do is to change the symlink pointing from |
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foo-1.1 to foo-1.2. |
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.Ip "\fBTemporarily Deactivated Package\fR" 4 |
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One can deactivate a package \*(L"foo\*(R" by going to \fIroot\fR/\fIpkgdir\fR/foo/ |
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and running \*(L"lsync --local --uninstall\*(R", of course. Alternatively |
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one can set the sticky bit on the directory \fIroot\fR/\fIpkgdir\fR/foo. |
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Then \fIlsync\fR\|(1) also skips the package. Alternatively, assume |
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package \*(L"foo\*(R" as a whole should not be deactivated, but its |
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\fIroot\fR/\fIpkgdir\fR/foo/lib directory (usually because this directory |
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unfortunately contains non-library files), one just sets the sticky bit |
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on \fIroot\fR/\fIpkgdir\fR/foo/lib. |
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.SH "OPTIONS" |
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.Ip "\fB--version\fR, \fB\-v\fR" 4 |
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Display program version information only. |
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.Ip "\fB--help\fR, \fB\-h\fR" 4 |
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Display program usage information only. |
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.Ip "\fB--init\fR, \fB\-i\fR" 4 |
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Create an initial access layer hierarchy under \fIroot\fR. |
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.Ip "\fB--nop\fR, \fB\-n\fR" 4 |
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No Operation -- causes \fIlsync\fR\|(1) to not perform any filesystem |
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operations. In conjunction with \fB--trace\fR you can at least see what |
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would be executed. |
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.Ip "\fB--quiet\fR, \fB\-q\fR" 4 |
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Forces \fIlsync\fR\|(1) to perform the operations quietly, i.e., without any |
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verbose messages. |
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.Ip "\fB--trace\fR, \fB\-t\fR" 4 |
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Forces \fIlsync\fR\|(1) to show what filesystem operations are performed. |
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.Ip "\fB--local\fR, \fB\-l\fR" 4 |
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This restricts the operations to a local package area. This option can |
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only be used if you are physically staying below a package sub-directory |
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under \fIroot\fR/\fIpkgdir\fR/. For instance, when you are staying in |
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\fIroot\fR/\fIpkgdir\fR/bar or \fIroot\fR/\fIpkgdir\fR/bar/bin and use \fB--local\fR, |
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all operations are restricted to the package \*(L"bar\*(R". |
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.Ip "\fB--uninstall\fR, \fB\-u\fR" 4 |
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This performs only package uninstallation operations, i.e., only |
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symbolic links are removed. This can be used to completely empty the |
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access layer. Additionally it is very useful in combination with |
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\fB--local\fR in order to uninstall a particular package without having to |
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remove its files. |
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.Ip "\fB--root=\fR\fIroot\fR" 4 |
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Sets the root directory where the access layer and package subdirectory |
|
is located. The default can be determined by running \f(CWlsync --help\fR |
|
(see section \*(L"Current configuration"). |
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.Ip "\fB--pkgdir=\fR\fIpkgdir\fR" 4 |
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Sets the sub-directory under the root directory where packages are |
|
located. The default can be determined by running \f(CWlsync --help\fR (see |
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section \*(L"Current configuration"). |
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.Ip "\fB--subdirs=\fR\fIsubdirs\fR[,\fIsubdir\fR,...]" 4 |
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Sets one or more sub-directories of the access layer on which \fIlsync\fR\|(1) |
|
should act. The default can be determined by running \f(CWlsync --help\fR |
|
(see section \*(L"Current configuration"). |
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.SH "RESULTS" |
|
This program uses the following return codes on exit: 0 (operation |
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successful), 1 (system error), 2 (command line error) and 3 (other user |
|
error). |
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.SH "HISTORY" |
|
The idea of filesystem access layers consisting of symbolic links |
|
pointing to actual package installation areas is a rather old one. It |
|
dates back to the early days of Unix and was implemented many times over |
|
the last decades. One of many implementation was \fBGenOPT\fR, written by |
|
Ralf S. Engelschall for sd&m GmbH & Co KG, Munich in 1992. The name |
|
indicates the programs purpose: to generate symbolic links in an access |
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layer which was located under \f(CW/opt\fR. \fBGenOPT\fR was very flexible, but |
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hence also very complex. Because of lack of documentation it was never |
|
released and so only used at sd&m and on all machines which were under |
|
control of Ralf S. Engelschall. |
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.PP |
|
For Cable & Wireless Deutschland GmbH, Munich, the old \fBGenOPT\fR |
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principle was again needed to manage the \f(CW/cw/local\fR area on their |
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servers. For this in November 2000 the functionality of \fBGenOPT\fR was |
|
revised, heavily stripped down and finally implemented from scratch. The |
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result is the current \fBLSync\fR. |
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.SH "AUTHOR" |
|
.PP |
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.Vb 3 |
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\& Ralf S. Engelschall |
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\& rse@engelschall.com |
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\& www.engelschall.com |
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.Ve |
|
|
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.rn }` '' |
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.IX Title "LSYNC 1" |
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.IX Name "B<lsync> - Access Layer Synchronization Tool" |
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|
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.IX Header "NAME" |
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|
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.IX Header "SYNOPSIS" |
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|
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.IX Header "DESCRIPTION" |
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.IX Item "\fIroot\fR\fB/bin/\fRfoo \-> \fB../\fR\fIpkgdir\fR\fB/\fRbar\fB/bin/\fRfoo" |
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.IX Item "\fIroot\fR\fB/sbin/\fRfoo \-> \fB../\fR\fIpkgdir\fR\fB/\fRbar\fB/sbin/\fRfoo" |
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.IX Item "\fIroot\fR\fB/man/man\fR\fIN\fR\fB/\fRfoo \-> \fB../\fR\fIpkgdir\fR\fB/\fRbar\fB/man/man\fR\fIN\fR\fB/\fRfoo" |
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.IX Item "\fIroot\fR\fB/info/\fRfoo \-> \fB../\fR\fIpkgdir\fR\fB/\fRbar\fB/info/\fRfoo" |
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.IX Item "\fIroot\fR\fB/include/\fRfoo \-> \fB../\fR\fIpkgdir\fR\fB/\fRbar\fB/include/\fRfoo" |
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.IX Item "\fIroot\fR\fB/lib/\fRfoo \-> \fB../\fR\fIpkgdir\fR\fB/\fRbar\fB/lib/\fRfoo" |
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.IX Header "SPECIAL FEATURES" |
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.IX Item "\fBRun-Command Files\fR" |
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.IX Item "\fBMultiple Package Versions\fR" |
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.IX Item "\fBTemporarily Deactivated Package\fR" |
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.IX Header "OPTIONS" |
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.IX Item "\fB--version\fR, \fB\-v\fR" |
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.IX Item "\fB--help\fR, \fB\-h\fR" |
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.IX Item "\fB--init\fR, \fB\-i\fR" |
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.IX Item "\fB--nop\fR, \fB\-n\fR" |
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.IX Item "\fB--quiet\fR, \fB\-q\fR" |
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.IX Item "\fB--trace\fR, \fB\-t\fR" |
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.IX Item "\fB--local\fR, \fB\-l\fR" |
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.IX Item "\fB--uninstall\fR, \fB\-u\fR" |
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.IX Item "\fB--root=\fR\fIroot\fR" |
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.IX Item "\fB--pkgdir=\fR\fIpkgdir\fR" |
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.IX Item "\fB--subdirs=\fR\fIsubdirs\fR[,\fIsubdir\fR,...]" |
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.IX Header "RESULTS" |
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.IX Header "HISTORY" |
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.IX Header "AUTHOR" |
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